The UK Universities' Global Atmospheric Modelling Programme (UGAMP): References
[1]Tiedtke, M., W.A. Heckley, and J. Slingo, 1988: Tropical forecasting at ECMWF: The influence of physical parameterization on the mean structure of forecasts and analyses. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 114, 639-664.
[2]Simmons, A.J., D.M. Burridge, M. Jarraud, C. Girard, and W. Wergen, 1989: The ECMWF medium-range prediction models: Development of the numerical formulations and the impact of increased resolution. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 40, 28-60.
[3]Slingo, J.M., M. Blackburn, A.K. Betts, R. Brugge, B.J. Hoskins, M.J. Miller, L. Steenman-Clark, and J. Thuburn, 1994: Mean climate and transience in the tropics of the UGAMP GCM. Part I: Sensitivity to convective parameterization. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 120, 881-922.
[4]Simmons, A.J., and D.M. Burridge, 1981: An energy and angular-momentum conserving vertical finite difference scheme and hybrid vertical coordinates. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 758-766.
[5]Simmons, A.J., and R. Strüfing, 1981: An energy and angular-momentum conserving finite difference scheme, hybrid coordinates and medium-range weather prediction. ECMWF Tech. Report No. 28, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, England, 68 pp.
[6]Thuburn, J., 1993: Use of a flux-limited scheme for vertical advection in a GCM. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 119, 469-487.
[7]Hoskins, B.J., and A.J. Simmons, 1975: A multi-layer spectral model and the semi-implicit method. Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc., 101, 637-655.
[8]Asselin, R., 1972: Frequency filter for time integrations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 100, 487-490.
[9]Palmer, T.N., G.J. Shutts, R. Swinbank, 1986: Alleviation of a systematic westerly bias in general circulation and numerical weather prediction models through an orographic gravity wave drag parameterization. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 112, 1001-1039.
[10]Joseph, D., 1980: Navy 10' global elevation values. National Center for Atmospheric Research notes on the FNWC terrain data set, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, 3 pp.
[11]London, J., R.D. Bojkov, S. Oltmans and J.I. Kelley, 1976: Atlas of the global distribution of total ozone, July 1957-June 1967. NCAR Tech. Note 113+STR, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO.
[12]Wilcox, R.W., and A.D. Belmont, 1977: Ozone concentration by latitude, altitude, and month near 80 degrees West. Report No. FAA-AEQ-77-13, FAA Office of Environmental Quality, High Altitude Pollution Program, U.S. Department of Transportation,Washington, D.C., 41 pp.
[13]WMO-ICSU, 1984: Optical properties for the standard aerosols of the Radiation Commission. Report WCP-55, World Climate Program, World Meteorological Organization and International Council of Scientific Unions, Geneva.
[14]Morcrette, J.-J., 1989: Description of the radiation scheme in the ECMWF model. ECMWF Tech. Memo. No. 165, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, England, 26 pp.
[15]Morcrette, J.-J., 1990: Impact of changes to the radiation transfer parameterizations plus cloud optical properties in the ECMWF model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 847-873.
[16]Morcrette, J.-J., 1991: Radiation and cloud radiative properties in the ECMWF operational weather forecast model. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 9121-9132.
[17]Rothman, L.S., R.R. Gamache, A. Barbe, A. Goldman, J.R. Gillis, L.R. Brown, R.A. Toth, J.-M. Flaud, and C. Camy-Peyret, 1983: AFGL atmospheric absorption line parameters compilation: 1982 edition. Appl. Optics, 22, 2247-2256.
[18]Morcrette, J.-J., L. Smith, and Y. Fouquart, 1986: Pressure and temperature dependence of the absorption in longwave radiation parameterizations. Beitr. Phys. Atmos., 59, 455-469.
[19]Stephens, G.L., 1978: Radiation profiles in extended water clouds. II: Parameterization schemes. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 2123-2132.
[20]Betts, A.K., and M.J. Miller, 1993: The Betts-Miller Scheme. In The Representation of Cumulus Convection in Numerical Models of the Atmosphere, K.A. Emanuel and D.J. Raymond (eds.), American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA, pp. 107-121.
[21]Betts, A.K., 1986: A new convective adjustment scheme. Part I: Observational and theoretical basis. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 112, 677-691.
[22]Betts, A.K., 1983: Thermodynamics of mixed stratocumulus layers: Saturation point budgets. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 2655-2670.
[23]Slingo, J.M., 1987: The development and verification of a cloud prediction scheme for the ECMWF model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 113, 899-927.
[24]Wallace, J., S. Tibaldi, and A.J. Simmons, 1983: Reduction of systematic forecast errors in the ECMWF model through the introduction of an envelope orography. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 109, 683-717.
[25]Brankovic, C., and J. Van Maanen, 1985: The ECMWF climate system. ECMWF Tech. Memo. No. 109, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, England, 51 pp.
[26]Alexander, R.C., and R.L. Mobley, 1976: Monthly average sea-surface temperatures and ice-pack limits on a 1 degrees global grid. Mon. Wea. Rev., 104, 143-148.
[27]Brugge, R., 1993: The UGAMP AMIP SST datasets. UGAMP Tech. Report No. 30, UK Universities' Global Atmospheric Modelling Programme, University of Reading, Reading RG6 2AU, England, 26 pp.
[28]Charnock, H., 1955: Wind stress on a water surface. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 81, 639-640.
[29]Tibaldi, S., and J.-F. Geleyn, 1981: The production of a new orography, land-sea mask and associated climatological surface fields for operational purposes. ECMWF Tech. Memo. No. 40, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, England, 93 pp.
[30]Baumgartner, A., H. Mayer and W. Metz, 1977: Weltweite Verteilung des Rauhigkeitsparameters z0 mit Anwendung auf die Energiedissipation an der Erdoberfläsche. Meteorolog. Rdsch., 30, 43-48.
[31]Preuss, J.H., and J.-F. Geleyn, 1980: Surface albedos derived from satellite data and their impact on forecast models. Arch. Meteor. Geophys. Bioclim., Series A, 29, 345-356.
[32]Geleyn, J.-F., and H.J. Preuss, 1983: A new data set of satellite-derived surface albedo values for operational use at ECMWF. Arch. Meteor. Geophys. Bioclim., Series A, 32, 353-359.
[33]Louis, J.-F., 1979: A parametric model of vertical eddy fluxes in the atmosphere. Bound. Layer Meteor., 17, 187-202.
[34]Louis, J.-F., M. Tiedtke, J.-F. Geleyn, 1981: A short history of the PBL parameterisation at ECMWF. Proceedings of the ECMWF Workshop on Planetary Boundary Layer Parameterisation, November 1981, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, England, pp. 59-80.
[35]Budyko, M.I., 1974: Climate and Life. Academic Press, New York, 525 pp.
[36]Mintz, Y., and Y. Serafini, 1981: Global fields of soil moisture and land-surface evapotranspiration. NASA Tech. Memo. 83907, Research Review--1980/81, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 178-180.
Return to UGAMP Table of Contents
Return to Main Document Directory
Last modified September 14, 1995. For further information, contact: Tom Phillips ( phillips@tworks.llnl.gov )
UCRL-ID-116384